Gout

Gout is a type of arthritis caused by too much uric acid in the blood, which can form sharp crystals in and around a joint. This leads to sudden, severe attacks of pain [1].

An attack often comes on quickly, with sudden severe pain in a joint — commonly the big toe — and hot, swollen, red skin over it. It can also affect the feet, ankles, hands, wrists, elbows or knees [1].

Risk factors include being overweight, drinking alcohol, certain medicines, and conditions such as high blood pressure, kidney problems and diabetes. Attacks can be triggered by things like an illness, dehydration or a joint injury [1].

Attacks are usually treated with medicines to ease pain and inflammation, alongside rest and keeping pressure off the joint. To help prevent attacks, medicines that lower uric acid may be used, along with steps such as reaching a healthy weight, limiting alcohol and staying well hydrated [1].

See a GP if you have gout symptoms for the first time, or if attacks keep happening despite treatment. Get urgent advice if joint pain gets worse with a high temperature and feeling sick, as this could be a sign of infection [1].