HIV

HIV is a virus that damages the cells in the immune system. With modern treatment, most people with HIV live long and healthy lives, and effective treatment that keeps the virus at an undetectable level means it cannot be passed on to others [1].

Some people get flu-like symptoms — such as a sore throat, fever and rash — within a few weeks of getting HIV, but many people have no symptoms for years and may not know they have it. This is why testing is important [1].

HIV is mainly passed on through sex without a condom and by sharing needles. It is not passed on through everyday contact such as kissing, hugging, sharing cutlery or using the same toilet [1].

HIV testing is free, confidential and available from sexual health clinics, GPs, some pharmacies and through home testing kits. Knowing your status means you can get treatment early if needed [1].

HIV is treated with daily tablets (antiretrovirals) that keep the virus under control. Prevention options include condoms and a medicine called PrEP, which is available free through sexual health clinics for people at higher risk [1].